Anatomy - Hemicolectomy left, open, curative - general and visceral surgery

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  1. Surgically relevant anatomy
  2. Transverse colon
  3. Descending colon
  4. Sigmoid colon
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  • Surgically relevant anatomy

    Paid content (image)
    • Left lateral transverse colon up to the splenic flexure
    • Descending colon
    • Sigmoid colon
      Rectum

  • Transverse colon

    Paid content (image)
    • Location: Intraperitoneal; mobile fixation via its own mesentery - transverse mesocolon.
    • Identification: By the so-called
      taeniae = taeniae coli = condensations of longitudinal muscle fibers named according to their anatomical relations as
    • taenia libera (inferior)
    • taenia omentalis (greater omentum)
    • taenia mesocolica (transverse mesocolon)
    • omental appendices = fat-filled tunica serosa
    • Haustra of colon = haustrae coli = visible sacculations in the wall of the colon wall by the arrangement of the circular muscle fibers (plicae semilunares; evident on endoscopy) which are discernible on the outer wall as crescentic folds

  • Descending colon

    Paid content (image)
    • Definition: That segment of the colon between the splenic flexure (flexura coli sinistra) and the sigmoid colon.
    • Synonym: Colon descendens
    • Location: Secondarily retroperitoneal; connective tissue attachment of posterior wall with the left kidney as well as with the muscular aponeuroses of the quadratus lumborum and transversus abdominis.
    • Identification: As in transverse colon, but : Cross section of the descending colon smaller than that of the ascending colon!

  • Sigmoid colon

    • Synonym: Colon sigmoideum
    • Location: Between the descending colon and rectum, where it is fixed by connective tissue to the retroperitoneum and left ilium; strictly intraperitoneal; differs in course and length, usually 40cm long.
    • Identification: By the taeniae (see above) which gently peter out superior to the rectum.