Transabdominal preperitoneal patch (TAPP) repair of inguinal hernia - general and visceral surgery
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Principle
Accomplishing the pneumoperitoneum
Trocar positions
After access to the abdominal cavity with the scissors, bluntly insert the trocar (10 mm) for the camera into the abdominal cavity and perform the initial inspection. At about the lateral level of the umbilicus insert a 5 mm trocar on the contralateral side of the hernia, while the ipsilateral side requires either a 5 mm or 10 mm trocar.
Tip: The 30°/45° laparoscope with the camera should face anteriorly. This allows the surgeon to survey the posterior wall of the inguinal canal.
Reducing the contents of the hernia sac
Incising and dissecting the peritoneum, exposing the anatomical landmarks
Transect the peritoneum in curved fashion superior to the hernia orifice from the medial umbilical fold to several centimeters lateral to the deep inguinal ring. Medial to the epigastric vessels, dissect between the bladder (Caution: Bladder injury!) and the posterior wall of the rectum up to the pectineal ligament (Cooper) and expose the symphysis. Now bluntly free the peritoneum caudad off the epigastric vessels, spermatic duct and the vessels of the spermatic cord.
Tip: Start the incision well superior to the deep inguinal ring or well away from the hernia sac respectively.
Exposing and reducing the contents of the hernia sac, preparing the mesh support
Mesh insertion
Mesh fixation
Closing the peritoneal incision
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