One midline skin incision markedly superior to the umbilicus. After having introduced the Verres needle and checked its correct position, establish the pneumoperitoneum.
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Skin incision
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Trocar positioning
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Extending the stomach and incising the omentum
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Exposing the diaphragmatic crura and entering the mediastinum
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Mobilizing the gastric fundus
Exposing the lower esophagus
Now continue far into the inferior mediastinum and free the lower esophagus in circular fashion fro
Now continue far into the inferior mediastinum and free the lower esophagus in circular fashion fro
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